Tag Archives: Botany

Carsonia at Tonopah Junction

I’ve posted previously on visiting the low sand dunes at Tonopah Junction in Mineral County, near Rhodes Marsh. Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Greasewood) and Suaeda nigra (Bush seepweed) dominate the vegetation here, largely stabilizing the dunes. I visited again this month (May 2022) and was greeted with a spectacular display of Carsonia sparsifolia (Fewleaf spiderflower or Naked spiderflower). Carsonia is a monotypic genus (just one species) in the Spiderflower family, Cleomaceae, although Carsonia was originally placed in the closely related genus Cleome.

Carsonia flowers have 4 green sepals, 4 yellow recurved petals, and 6 exserted stamens. Fruits are slender and generally borne on an elongated gynophore (a basal stalk that extends the ovary and fruit beyond the receptacle where sepals and petals are attached). Leaves are usually palmately compound, often trifoliolate (with 3 leaflets), with a short, orange-yellowish petiole-like stalk (a petiolule) at the base of each leaflet. The uppermost leaves are often simple, looking like a single leaflet.

Within its range, Carsonia most resembles several species of Cleomella and Peritoma that have similar yellow flowers and trifoliolate leaves. Cleomella fruits are short (up to 6 mm long) and may be nearly as wide; Carsonia fruits are longer (15–45 mm) and thin (1–3 mm). Peritoma has a dense, many-flowered inflorescence; Carsonia has a very open, relatively few-flowered inflorescence.

Carsonia in the foreground, Pilot Peak in the background.

As you can tell from these photos, Carsonia inhabits sand dunes, as well as sandy areas on alkaline lake margins. Carsonia has been collected throughout the western Great Basin, from Owens Lake and Ash Meadows north to the Black Rock Desert and Winnemucca, and from Carson Valley east to Railroad Valley and Sand Spring Valley. This population at Tonopah Junction has been previously documented in herbarium collections, but not on iNaturalist.

Does Carsonia occur in the Bodie Hills? Probably not, but it has been seen around the northeast side of Mono Lake.

Also flowering here this time of year: Oenothera deltoides ssp. piperi (Birdcage Evening Primrose).

Oenothera deltoides ssp. piperi (Birdcage Evening Primrose)

Copyright © Tim Messick 2022. All rights reserved.

Plants of the Bodie Hills, 2022 Edition

Last year I thought there would be few changes or additions needed in this year’s edition of Plants of the Bodie Hills. Surely, after all these years, it should be very nearly finished. Wrong! Local floras like this are never, ever complete or finished, but over time, if there are no deadlines, they can become gradually more complete, even during periods of drought.

Plants of the Bodie Hills, March 2022 Edition, is now available on the Downloads page (a free PDF). It includes quite a few additions, corrections, nomenclatural updates, and refinements to the keys.

  • New or confirmed additions to the flora include Artemisia dracunculus, Tricardia watsonii, Orthocarpus luteus, Erythranthe floribunda, Plantago major, Toxicoscordion venenosum, Danthonia unispicata, and an unidentified Aphyllon. Three more additions that are barely on the edge of the Bodie Hills, since they are in the drawdown zone on the east edge of Bridgeport Reservoir, are Potentilla newberryi, Potentilla rivalis, and Crypsis alopecuroides. I’ve found a few of these myself, but most of these additions are the result of explorations in the field by others, particularly Ann Howald, and others posting observations on iNaturalist.
  • Taxonomy for the Order Boraginales has been updated: instead of the whole order being dumped into one very large and diverse Family Boraginaceae (in the broad sense), a newer 11-family system has been proposed by the Boraginales Working Group, and numerous updates to genera and species in western North America have been made by the Amsinckiinae Working Group. These changes have been adopted by the Jepson eFlora. Three of the 11 families are known to occur in the Bodie Hills: Boraginaceae (in the strict sense), Hydrophyllaceae, and Namaceae. A fourth, Heliotropiaceae, is likely to turn up one of these days.
  • Some of the keys have been improved (hopefully) by the addition of more distinguishing characters, or by the addition of species that are not in the Bodie Hills, but may be familiar to readers and are easily confused with species that do occur here.
  • The table listing Special-Status plants has been updated based on the most recent sources. There is still only one California State-listed Rare plant in the Bodie Hills: Long Valley milkvetch (Astragalus johannis‐howellii). No federally-listed plants occur here.

As before, you have two options for how to use this document: 1) load the PDF onto a mobile device or 2) print the PDF yourself.

  1. Using a mobile device: I’ve found the PDF to be quite readable on my iPhone (in the Books app), although it helps that I’m near-sighted. It’s even easier to read on an iPad, other tablet, or laptop.
  2. Printing the PDF: You can print the PDF yourself or at a local print shop, and I highly recommend printing it 2-sided to conserve paper and reduce bulk and weight in the field. A comb or spiral binding, binder clip, or other binding will hold it together.

Your additions, corrections, comments, or questions are always welcome.

Here are some interesting observations I made in 2021 while roaming the Bodie Hills:

Penstemon palmeri, near Aurora
Aphyllon sp. (fresh material needed to identify), near Aurora
Rhinotropis (=Polygala) intermontana, north of Masonic
Eriogonum nutans var. nutans, north of Masonic
Toxicoscordion venenosum, at a meadow in Bridgeport Canyon
Eriogonum alexanderae, near Red Wash Creek
Eriogonum rupinum, near Red Wash Creek
Asclepias crypyoceras, in Del Monte Canyon
Salvia dorrii, in Del Monte Canyon
Cryptantha pterocarya, in Del Monte Canyon

Copyright © Tim Messick 2022. All rights reserved.

Plants of the Bodie Hills, 2021 Edition!

Cover of the March 2021 edition of Plants of the Bodie Hills

The 2021 edition of Plants of the Bodie Hills is now available as a free PDF on the Downloads page.

This new edition is at last more of a proper “Flora” than an “Annotated Checklist,” because it now includes keys to all of the species. It includes keys to families and genera too, except for two (not so minor) exceptions: the key to dicot families (class Magnoliopsida) and the key to grass genera (family Poaceae) are still in progress. These are both very challenging technically, whether they are built up from scratch or simplified down from existing keys that encompass many more taxa in a much wider area than the Bodie Hills. I hope to add those last two keys in a future edition.

Adding numerous keys and several more species has stretched the document to 116 letter-size pages. Note that you have 2 options for how to use it: 1) load the PDF onto a mobile device or 2) print the PDF yourself.

  • Using a mobile device: I’ve found the PDF to be quite readable on my iPhone 8+ (in the Books app), although it helps that I’m near-sighted. It’s even easier to read on an iPad, other tablet, or laptop. A phone or tablet is pretty easy to carry in the field, but you may want to secure it with a lanyard or wrist strap. (Personally, I like the ones from PodFob.)
  • Printing the PDF: You can print the PDF yourself or at a local print shop, but I highly recommend printing it 2-sided to conserve paper and reduce bulk and weight in the field. A comb or spiral binding, binder clip, or other binding will hold it together.

Your additions, corrections, comments, or questions are always welcome.

Happy botanizing!

Flower field west of Lakeview Spring. Dunderberg Peak and other high Sierran summits in the distance.
Amelanchier utahensis (Utah service berry) on Masonic Mountain.

Copyright © Tim Messick 2022. All rights reserved.